Fungal Infections in Dogs: What You Need to Be Aware Of

As a dog owner, it’s important to be aware of anything that may pose a threat to your dog’s health and comfort. Fungal infections in dogs can cause a range of health issues, from mild skin irritation to serious internal complications. These infections are often overlooked because their symptoms can resemble other common conditions. In this blog, we’ll dive into what you need to know about fungal infections in dogs, their impact, and when it’s time to seek professional veterinary care.

Understanding Fungal Infections in Dogs

Fungal infections occur when fungi invade a dog’s body, either externally or internally. These infections fall into two main categories: superficial (affecting the skin or mucous membranes) and systemic (impacting internal organs or tissues). While some fungal infections are relatively easy to treat, others require more comprehensive care.

Common Types of Fungal Infections in Dogs

Several types of fungal infections can affect dogs. Recognizing these conditions is the first step in addressing them:

• Ringworm: Despite its name, ringworm is a fungal infection that affects the skin, fur, and nails. It often appears as circular patches of hair loss.
• Yeast Dermatitis: Caused by an overgrowth of yeast, this infection typically occurs in warm, moist areas such as the ears or between paw pads.
• Blastomycosis: This systemic fungal infection is caused by inhaling fungal spores found in soil and decaying wood.
• Histoplasmosis: Another systemic infection, histoplasmosis, results from inhaling fungal spores from bird droppings or contaminated soil.

Signs and Symptoms to Watch For

Fungal infections in dogs can manifest in a variety of ways, depending on the type and severity of the infection. Observing your dog closely for unusual behavior or physical changes is essential.

External Symptoms

External fungal infections often cause visible changes to your dog’s skin and coat. Symptoms may include:

• Persistent itching or scratching
• Red, inflamed skin
• Crusty or flaky patches
• Unusual odor
• Hair loss or bald spots

Internal Symptoms

Systemic fungal infections can be harder to detect but may have more severe health implications. Symptoms can include:

• Loss of appetite
• Weight loss
• Difficulty breathing
• Lethargy or decreased activity levels
• Persistent coughing or wheezing

If your dog shows any of these signs, consult your veterinarian as soon as possible. Call Companion Animal Hospital of Wakefield at (919) 488-5300 to schedule an evaluation. Early intervention can make a significant difference in managing fungal infections in dogs.

What Are Potential Causes and Risk Factors?

Fungal infections in dogs often develop due to exposure to fungi in the environment. While some fungi are naturally present in a dog’s body, others are introduced through contaminated soil, water, or surfaces.

Environmental Exposure

Dogs that frequently dig, play in wooded areas, or spend time in damp conditions are more susceptible. Spores from fungi like Blastomyces and Histoplasma thrive in decaying wood and soil rich in organic matter.

Compromised Immune System

Dogs with weakened immune systems are at higher risk for both superficial and systemic fungal infections. Puppies, senior dogs, and those undergoing treatment for other illnesses may have a harder time fighting off infections.

Breeds Prone to Fungal Infections

Certain breeds are more prone to specific fungal infections. For example, floppy-eared breeds like Cocker Spaniels are more susceptible to yeast infections in their ears, while larger breeds may be at greater risk for systemic infections due to their outdoor activities.

How to Address Fungal Infections

Addressing fungal infections in dogs involves identifying the underlying cause and implementing a targeted treatment plan. Depending on the infection type, your veterinarian may recommend a combination of topical treatments, oral medications, or other interventions.

Topical Treatments

For external infections like ringworm or yeast dermatitis, topical antifungal creams, shampoos, or sprays are often effective. These treatments target the affected areas and provide relief from itching and discomfort.

Oral Medications

Systemic fungal infections may require oral antifungal medications to combat the infection from within. These medications are typically prescribed for several weeks or months, depending on the severity of the condition.

Supportive Care

In some cases, dogs with severe fungal infections may require supportive care, such as hydration therapy or nutritional support. This is especially true for systemic infections that impact internal organs or lead to significant weight loss.

Preventing Fungal Infections in Dogs

While not all infections can be avoided, taking proactive steps can reduce your pet’s chances of exposure.

• Maintain Clean Environments: Regularly clean your dog’s living and play areas to remove potential sources of fungal spores. Pay extra attention to damp areas or spaces with decaying organic matter.
• Routine Grooming: Proper grooming helps maintain your dog’s skin and coat health, making it harder for fungi to establish themselves. Regular baths with vet-approved shampoos can reduce the risk of skin infections.
• Minimize Exposure: Limit your dog’s access to high-risk environments, such as areas with standing water, decaying wood, or excessive moisture. If your dog frequently explores these areas, monitor their health closely for signs of infection.
• Boost Immune Health: A strong immune system is your dog’s best defense against fungal infections. Ensure your dog is receiving a balanced diet, regular exercise, and routine veterinary check-ups to maintain overall health.

Fungal infections in dogs can escalate quickly if left untreated, leading to serious health issues. Whether it’s an external infection like ringworm or a systemic condition like blastomycosis, prompt veterinary care is essential to protect your pet’s health. At Companion Animal Hospital of Wakefield, our experienced team is here to help diagnose and treat fungal infections in dogs effectively. If you notice any symptoms or suspect your dog may have been exposed to a fungal infection, call us at (919) 488-5300 to schedule an appointment.